Residual Waste EFW: Difference between revisions

[[Residual Waste]] can be used as a feedstock for [[Energy from Waste]] ([[EfW]]) facilities and [[Residual Waste]] is considered as partially renewable or a low carbon energy source as a result of the energy produced from the fraction of [[Residual Waste]] derived from [[Biomass]] that is considered renewable<ref name="foo> Defra, 2014. [https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/24612/pb14130-energy-waste-201402.pdf Energy from Waste: A guide to the debate February 2014 (revised edition).] London.</ref>. This page reports that as at March 2021 [[Residual Waste EFW]] operational 'plated capacity' was '''16,353,589 tonnes''' and in construction 'plated capacity' of '''5,714,000 tonnes''', a total of '''22,067,589 tonnes''' which is around 75% of [[Residual Waste]] suitable for [[Energy from Waste]].  

==Operational EfW==

 

 

The following list summarises all [[EfW]] sites that were operational as of March 2021, with limited summary information in the table. More detailed information can be found by clicking through to the site-specific page, the total 'plated capacity' is '''16,353,589 tonnes''': '''{{formatnum: {{#external_value:tton}}}} kt'''

{{#get_db_data: db=engy |from=efwdb |where=status='Operational' |data=site=site,id=id,cap=cap}}

{|Class="wikitable"

! ID !! Site Name !! Capacity (kt)

ID item 3 has multiple line entries - the capacity of all entries is shown once in the first line, consolidating the later ones and resulting in a 0 entry for those consolidated.

The map, right, contains the locations of all the sites listed above - please note that due to scale and cartographic limitations some of the numbers in the list might not be shown on the map due to sites being in close proximity, or sites in areas of high density. This does not mean that the site marker is not there. An example of this is [[Ferrybridge Multifuel 1 (FM1)]] and [[Ferrybridge Multifuel 2 (FM2)]] as both are in geographically similar locations, being a few 100m apart, and as a result the location markers will appear on top of each other, and as a result one will block the other's numerical id. This also applies to the following maps on sites in construction and planning.

Historically, the UK has been very dependent on [[Landfill]] or [[Incineration without Energy Recovery]] for [[Disposal]] of [[Residual Waste]]. The landfill diversion targets set in the mid 1990s promoted [[EfW]] developments. The diversion of residual waste away from [[Landfill]] and into [[EfW]] processes was intended to reduce emissions of methane and pollution originating from [[Landfill]] sites and increase production of renewable energy<ref name="foo" />. [[Energy from Waste]] is the now the main method for dealing with [[Residual Waste]], with [[Landfill]] of [[Residual Waste]] being the least preferred method, as outlined in the [[Waste Hierarchy]]<ref name="foo" />.  

In 2019, the amount of residual waste that was sent to [[EfW]] processes in the UK increased by 9.9%, amounting to a total of 12.6 million tonnes being sent to 48 operational EfW facilities across the UK<ref name="foo2> [https://www.tolvik.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Tolvik-UK-EfW-Statistics-2019-Report-published-May-2020.pdf Derived from Tolvik EFW Statistics 2019, Published May 2020]</ref>. This was against a headline/plated capacity of 15,400,000 tonnes of operational capacity and a further 3,900,000 tonnes of late stage commissioning and in construction 'plated' capacity at that time. This represented 45.5% of the total [[Residual Waste]] produced in the UK in 2019 (increasing from 41.8% in 2018)<ref name="foo2" />. The total net power exported from [[EfW]] facilities in 2019 was 6,703 GWh, this supplied 2.0% of the total UK power generation, and gives an average of 531 kWh of power generated per tonne of residual waste treated at UK [[EfW]] facilities<ref name="foo2" />.

The graph below displays how the tonnage of residual waste processes by UK [[EfW]] facilities has changed over recent years, and is based on that received rather than the 'plated' capacity of the plants in operation and construction (18,500,000 tonnes reported by Tolvik<ref name="foo2" /> at the end of 2019, whereas this page reports '''22,067,589 tonnes''' as at March 2021).

|+style="caption-side:bottom;"|Changes in residual waste tonnage processed by EfWs<ref name="foo2" />

| <graph>{

"data":[{

"values":[

{"x":2006,"y":3.3},{"x":2007,"y":3.3},{"x":2008,"y":3.3},

],

  ]

|'''Year''' || 2006 || 2007 || 2008 || 2009 || 2010 || 2011 || 2012 || 2013 || 2014 || 2015 || 2016 || 2017 || 2018||2019

|'''Tonnes''' || 3.3 || 3.3 || 3.3 || 3.6 || 4.2 || 4.8 || 5.2 || 5.5 || 6.7 || 8.4 || 10.1 || 10.9 || 11.5||12.6

|}

The table below shows the power and heat generation from residual waste EfW facilities in the UK between 2014-2018.<ref name="foo2" />

|'''Year''' || 2014 || 2015 || 2016 || 2017 || 2018||2019

|'''Net Power Export (GWh_e)''' ||3,368||4,636||5,291||6,258||6,230||6,703

|'''Net Heat Export (GWh_th)''' ||NA||554||730||865||1,112||1,384

England produced 12.5 million tonnes of [[Residual Waste]] from Households in 2016<ref>[[DEFRA]] [https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/uk-waste-data UK Statistics on Waste 2020]</ref>, and it is estimated that there will be an increase in [[EfW]] capacity for [[Residual Waste]] by 2 million tonnes/year by 2022 <ref name="foo3"> Tolvik Consulting, 2017. [http://www.esauk.org/application/files/6015/3589/6453/UK_Residual_Waste_Capacity_Gap_Analysis.pdf UK Residual Waste: 2030 Market Review. Environmental Services Association.]</ref> but this is substantially lower than the plated capacity reported on this page.

[[File:Under Construction EfW UK.png|600px|right|Under Construction EfW within the UK.]]

{|Class="wikitable"

! ID !! Site Name !! Capacity (kt)

<br clear=all />

The following list summarises all [[EfW]] sites that were in the planning process as at March 2021, which comprises those that have received [[Planning Permission|planning permission]] at some point and those that are presently in the consultation process seeking [[Planning Permission|planning permission]]. The total 'plated capacity' shown in the tables below is '''25,051,000 tonnes'''. In the case of Lakeside this planned capacity would replace the existing site, linked to the development of the third runway at [[wikipedia:Heathrow Airport|Heathrow Airport]].

In addition there are some plants below which have been reported as commencing construction, but this only applied to initial works or the construction of adjacent infrastructure, and not the [[EfW]] element of the project. The sites that fall into this category (i.e. the [[EfW]] is not thought to be under construction) in the list below include ID numbers 53, 59, 60, 63, 65, and 68.  

{|Class="wikitable"

! ID !! Site Name !! Capacity (kt)

{{#get_db_data: db=engy |from=efwdb |where=status='Consultation Stage' and cap > 0 |data=site=site,id=id,cap=cap}}

{|Class="wikitable"

! ID !! Site Name !! Capacity (kt)