Plastic: Difference between revisions
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Current estimates are that there was 2,400,000 tonnes of plastic packaging waste | Current estimates are that there was 3,700,000 tonnes of plastic put on the market in 2019, comprising 2,400,000 tonnes of '''[[Packaging Waste|plastic packaging waste]]''' and a further 1,500,000 tonnes of '''non-packaging plastic waste''' primarily from the construction sector<ref> [http://www.wrap.org.uk/sites/files/wrap/WRAP_Plastics_market_situation_report.pdf WRAP Plastics Market Situation Report 2019]</ref>. The macro plastic waste tonnage reported by [[DEFRA]] for the UK in 2020 was 1,807,003 tonnes<ref>[https://www.gov.uk/government/statistical-data-sets/env23-uk-waste-data-and-management UK Statistics on Waste 2020]</ref>, the balance between put on the market and [[Recycling|recycled]]/[[Recovery|recovered]] remaining in [[residual waste]] streams. | ||
[[Category:Tonnage & Waste Types]] | [[Category:Tonnage & Waste Types]] | ||
[[File:Baled plastic bottles.jpg|400px|left|Recycled plastic bottles in bales for shipping - image from shift website, all rights reserved]]__TOC__ | |||
<br clear='left'/> | |||
== Macro Tonnage == | |||
The most recent information published by [[DEFRA]] <ref>[https://www.gov.uk/government/statistical-data-sets/env23-uk-waste-data-and-management UK Statistics on Waste 2020]</ref> is summarized in the pie chart below, with 1,807,003 tonnes of plastic wastes generated in the UK in 2020 as part of the broader tonnage reported in [[UK Waste Tonnage]] equivalent to c.2% of the total. These tonnages exclude any plastics that are not [[Recycling|recycled]]/[[Recovery|recovered]] and remain in [[residual waste]] streams. | |||
[[File:Plastic_Pie.png|800px|frameless|center]] | |||
[[WRAP]] in their most recent report <ref> [http://www.wrap.org.uk/sites/files/wrap/WRAP_Plastics_market_situation_report.pdf WRAP Plastics Market Situation Report 2019]</ref> identify 2,400,000 tonnes of plastic [[packaging waste]] placed on the market in 2019 (of which around 550,000 tonnes was collected by local authorities) with a further 1,500,000 tonnes of non-packaging plastic primarily from the construction sector. | |||
Plastics reports by [[WRAP]] acknowledge the challenges and accuracy around estimating plastic tonnage in the UK (in many cases relying on plastics placed on the market rather than plastics actually recycled to derive figures due to the poor quality of waste figures). | |||
== Overview == | == Overview == | ||
Plastics are defined as 'any of numerous organic synthetic or processed materials that are mostly thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers of high molecular weight and that can be made into objects, films, or filaments' <ref>Marriam-Webster, 2019. [https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/plastic Definition of PLASTIC. Merriam-webster.com.] [online] [Accessed 27 Feb. 2019].</ref>. Although plastics present many benefits, plastic waste, generally, does not decompose and therefore persists in the environment presenting a variety of wide-reaching environmental issues, polluting soils, rivers and oceans, and harming the creatures that inhabit them <ref name="foo">Smith, L. 2019. [http://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-8515/CBP-8515.pdf BRIEFING PAPER Number 08515, 30 September 2019 - Plastic waste.] London: House of Commons Library. [online].</ref>. | Plastics are defined as 'any of numerous organic synthetic or processed materials that are mostly thermoplastic or thermosetting polymers of high molecular weight and that can be made into objects, films, or filaments' <ref>Marriam-Webster, 2019. [https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/plastic Definition of PLASTIC. Merriam-webster.com.] [online] [Accessed 27 Feb. 2019].</ref>. Although plastics present many benefits, plastic waste, generally, does not decompose and therefore persists in the environment presenting a variety of wide-reaching environmental issues, polluting soils, rivers and oceans, and harming the creatures that inhabit them <ref name="foo">Smith, L. 2019. [http://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/CBP-8515/CBP-8515.pdf BRIEFING PAPER Number 08515, 30 September 2019 - Plastic waste.] London: House of Commons Library. [online].</ref>. | ||
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A recently published House of Commons Library Briefing Paper (7th January 2020) <ref>[https://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/CBP-8515#fullreport Commons Briefing Paper CBP-8515]</ref> sets out some further issues and a link to all relevant legislation and policy issues at the present time. | A recently published House of Commons Library Briefing Paper (7th January 2020) <ref>[https://researchbriefings.parliament.uk/ResearchBriefing/Summary/CBP-8515#fullreport Commons Briefing Paper CBP-8515]</ref> sets out some further issues and a link to all relevant legislation and policy issues at the present time. | ||
The '''[[Plastics Pact]]''' is an initiative with voluntary membership with the objective of transitioning to a [[Circular Economy|circular economy]] for plastics, with targets for reduction, [[reuse]], [[recycling]] and the elimination of single use plastics. | |||
The | |||
==Categories== | |||
Plastic waste is generally categorised either according to its form/previous use (ie plastic bottles) or according to the polymer type of the plastic waste (of which there are 7 primary polymers). In addition there are price categories according to polymer type and colour and film grades. | |||
===Polymer Types=== | |||
The 7 main polymer types are: | |||
* [[PET (1)]] | |||
* [[HDPE (2)]] | |||
* [[PVC (3)]] | |||
* [[LDPE (4)]] | |||
* [[PP (5)]] | |||
* [[PS (6)]] | |||
* [[OTHER PLASTICS (7)]] | |||
===Simpler Recycling Categories=== | |||
Under [[Simpler Recycling]]<ref>https://www.gov.uk/government/news/simpler-recycling-collections-and-tougher-regulation-to-reform-waste-system</ref> [[Plastic]] is defined as: | |||
* Plastic bottles made of [[PET (1)|PET]], [[PP (5)|PP]] and [[HDPE (2)|HDPE]] | |||
* [[Pots Tubs and Trays|Pots, tubs and trays]] made of [[PET (1)|PET]], [[PP (5)|PP]] (including expanded [[PP (5)|PP]]) and [[wikipedia: Polyethylene|PE]] | |||
* [[wikipedia: Polyethylene|PE]] and [[PP (5)|PP]] plastic tubes larger than 50mm x 50mm | |||
* Cartons for food, drink and other liquids, including aseptic and chilled cartons | |||
* Plastic film packaging and plastic bags made of mono [[wikipedia: Polyethylene|PE]], mono [[PP (5)|PP]] and mixed [[PP (5)|PP]] and [[wikipedia: Polyethylene|PE]], including those metallised through vacuum or vapour deposition | |||
===Plastic Waste Sale Grades=== | |||
Purchase prices for recycled plastic bottles are broadly based around: | |||
* Clear and light blue [[PET (1)|PET]] | |||
* Coloured [[PET (1)|PET]] | |||
* [[HDPE (2)|HDPE]] natural | |||
* [[HDPE (2)|HDPE]] Mixed Colour | |||
* Mixed Bottles | |||
* PTT _ Pots, Tubs and Trays | |||
[[ | Purchase price for recycled films are broadly priced around: | ||
* UK PE Printed | |||
* UK Clear - Natural | |||
* [[MRF]] Film | |||
* Carrier bags | |||
* Export and UK 80:20 (80% target and 20% non-target material) | |||
* Export 90:10 (90% target and 10% non-target material) | |||
* Export 95:5 (95% target and 5% non-target material) | |||
* Export 98:2 (98% target and 2% non-target material) | |||
==Local Authority Tonnages== | |||
The headers below presently only capture significant tonnage collected and reported by [[Local Authority|local authorities]] through [[WasteDataFlow]]. | |||
===PET (1)=== | |||
Below is a list of local authorities that send [[PET (1)]] ([[wikipedia:Polyethylene terephthalate|Polyethylene Terephthalate]]) to a single waste operator. | |||
== PET (1) == | |||
Below is a list of local authorities that | |||
{{#clear_external_data:}} | {{#clear_external_data:}} | ||
{{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='PET | {{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='PET [1]'|order by=tonnage desc|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}} | ||
{| class=wikitable | {| class=wikitable | ||
! Authority | ! Authority | ||
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! Material | ! Material | ||
! Tonnes | ! Tonnes | ||
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage}} | ! Reporting Period | ||
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}} | |||
|} | |} | ||
== HDPE (2) == | ===HDPE (2)=== | ||
Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than 200 tonnes of [[HDPE (2)]] ([[wikipedia:High-density polyethylene | High Density Polyethylene]]) to a single waste operator. | Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than 200 tonnes of [[HDPE (2)]] ([[wikipedia:High-density polyethylene|High Density Polyethylene]]) to a single waste operator. | ||
{{#clear_external_data:}} | {{#clear_external_data:}} | ||
{{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='HDPE | {{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='HDPE [2]' and tonnage >= 200|order by=tonnage desc|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}} | ||
{| class=wikitable | {| class=wikitable | ||
! Authority | ! Authority | ||
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! Material | ! Material | ||
! Tonnes | ! Tonnes | ||
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage}} | ! Reporting Period | ||
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}} | |||
|} | |} | ||
== PVC (3) == | ===PVC (3)=== | ||
Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than | Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than 20 tonnes of [[PVC (3)]] ([[wikipedia:Polyvinyl chloride|Polyvinyl Chloride]]) to a single waste operator. | ||
{{#clear_external_data:}} | {{#clear_external_data:}} | ||
{{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='PVC | {{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='PVC [3]' and tonnage >= 20|order by=tonnage desc|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}} | ||
{| class=wikitable | {| class=wikitable | ||
! Authority | ! Authority | ||
Line 93: | Line 111: | ||
! Material | ! Material | ||
! Tonnes | ! Tonnes | ||
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage}} | ! Reporting Period | ||
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}} | |||
|} | |} | ||
== LDPE (4) == | ===LDPE (4)=== | ||
Below is a list of local authorities that | Below is a list of local authorities that send [[LDPE (4)]] ([[wikipedia:Low-density polyethylene|Low Density Polyethylene]]) to a single waste operator. | ||
{{#clear_external_data:}} | {{#clear_external_data:}} | ||
{{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='LDPE | {{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='LDPE [4]'|order by=tonnage desc|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}} | ||
{| class=wikitable | {| class=wikitable | ||
! Authority | ! Authority | ||
Line 108: | Line 127: | ||
! Material | ! Material | ||
! Tonnes | ! Tonnes | ||
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage}} | ! Reporting Period | ||
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}} | |||
|} | |} | ||
== PP (5) == | |||
Below is a list of local authorities that sends any tonnage of [[PP (5)]] ([[wikipedia:Polypropylene |Polypropylene]]) to a single waste operator. | ===PP (5)=== | ||
Below is a list of local authorities that sends any tonnage of [[PP (5)]] ([[wikipedia:Polypropylene|Polypropylene]]) to a single waste operator. | |||
{{#clear_external_data:}} | {{#clear_external_data:}} | ||
{{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='PP | {{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='PP [5]'|order by=tonnage desc|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}} | ||
{| class=wikitable | {| class=wikitable | ||
! Authority | ! Authority | ||
Line 122: | Line 143: | ||
! Material | ! Material | ||
! Tonnes | ! Tonnes | ||
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage}} | ! Reporting Period | ||
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}} | |||
|} | |} | ||
== PS (6) == | ===PS (6)=== | ||
Below is a list of local authorities that | Below is a list of local authorities that send [[PS (6)]] ([[wikipedia:Polystyrene|Polystyrene]]) to a single waste operator. | ||
{{#clear_external_data:}} | {{#clear_external_data:}} | ||
{{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='PS | {{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='PS [6]'|order by=tonnage desc|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}} | ||
{| class=wikitable | {| class=wikitable | ||
! Authority | ! Authority | ||
Line 137: | Line 159: | ||
! Material | ! Material | ||
! Tonnes | ! Tonnes | ||
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage}} | ! Reporting Period | ||
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}} | |||
|} | |} | ||
== OTHER PLASTICS (7) (including ABS) == | ===OTHER PLASTICS (7) (including ABS)=== | ||
Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than 1000 tonnes of this material to a single waste operator. This includes, for the purpose of WikiWaste, [[ABS]] ([[wikipedia:Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene | Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene]]) often used in children's toys and car bumpers. | Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than 1000 tonnes of this material to a single waste operator. This includes, for the purpose of WikiWaste, [[ABS]] ([[wikipedia:Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene|Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene]]) often used in children's toys and car bumpers. | ||
{{#clear_external_data:}} | {{#clear_external_data:}} | ||
{{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='OTHER PLASTICS | {{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='OTHER PLASTICS [7]' and tonnage >=1000|order by=tonnage desc|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}} | ||
{| class=wikitable | {| class=wikitable | ||
! Authority | ! Authority | ||
Line 152: | Line 175: | ||
! Material | ! Material | ||
! Tonnes | ! Tonnes | ||
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage}} | ! Reporting Period | ||
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}} | |||
|} | |} | ||
== Mixed Plastic Bottles == | ===Mixed Plastic Bottles=== | ||
Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than | Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than 1000 tonnes of this material to a single waste operator. | ||
{{#clear_external_data:}} | {{#clear_external_data:}} | ||
{{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='Mixed Plastic Bottles' and tonnage >= | {{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='Mixed Plastic Bottles' and tonnage >=1000|order by=tonnage desc|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}} | ||
{| class=wikitable | {| class=wikitable | ||
! Authority | ! Authority | ||
Line 167: | Line 191: | ||
! Material | ! Material | ||
! Tonnes | ! Tonnes | ||
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage}} | ! Reporting Period | ||
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}} | |||
|} | |} | ||
== Mixed Plastics == | ===Mixed Plastics=== | ||
Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than | Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than 3000 tonnes of this material to a single waste operator. | ||
{{#clear_external_data:}} | {{#clear_external_data:}} | ||
{{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='Mixed Plastics' and tonnage >= | {{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='Mixed Plastics' and tonnage >= 3000|order by=tonnage desc|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}} | ||
{| class=wikitable | {| class=wikitable | ||
! Authority | ! Authority | ||
Line 182: | Line 207: | ||
! Material | ! Material | ||
! Tonnes | ! Tonnes | ||
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage}} | ! Reporting Period | ||
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}} | |||
|} | |} | ||
== Video tapes, DVDs and CDs == | |||
Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than | ===Video tapes, DVDs and CDs=== | ||
Below is a list of local authorities that sends more than 300 tonnes of this material to a single waste operator. | |||
{{#clear_external_data:}} | {{#clear_external_data:}} | ||
{{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='Video tapes, DVDs and CDs' and tonnage >= | {{#get_db_data: db=disp |from=disposal |where=material='Video tapes, DVDs and CDs' and tonnage >= 300|order by=tonnage desc|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}} | ||
{| class=wikitable | {| class=wikitable | ||
! Authority | ! Authority | ||
Line 196: | Line 223: | ||
! Material | ! Material | ||
! Tonnes | ! Tonnes | ||
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage}} | ! Reporting Period | ||
{{#display_external_table:template=Diposaltable|data=authority=authority,stream=stream,type=type,operator=operator,address=address,material=material,tonnage=tonnage,date=date}} | |||
|} | |} | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references /> | <references /> |