Magnetic Separator

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A Magnetic Separator is a machine that is used to separate and recover ferrous, magnetic metals such as iron and steel from the non-magnetic fraction in the waste stream. This is achieved by passing waste materials, via a conveyor, over strong magnets.

Overview

A Magnetic Separator separates out the ferrous portion of the waste stream from the non-ferrous. The separation process extracts ferromagnetic (strongly magnetic) and even paramagnetic (weekly attracted by a magnetic field) materials by passing the waste stream over powerful magnets[1]. The conventional use of magnetic separation can be placed into two categories: the purification of feeds with magnetic components (with the desired product being non-magnetic) and the concentration of magnetic materials (with the desired product being magnetic)[2]. Close control of the speed of passage through the magnetic field is essential for efficient sorting/recovery rates[3].

Applications

  • Water treatment
  • Waste treatment for recovery of ferromagnetic materials
  • Removal of paramagnetic impurities
  • Chemical processing[1]

Benefits

  • Large capacity
  • High efficiency
  • Continuous process
  • Low operating cost[4]

The Process

 
Magnetic Separator Diagram. All Rights Reserved.

Schematic Diagram of a Magnetic Separator[1]
1. The feed material is fed onto the conveyor belt and is transported towards the magnetic pulley end.
2. The waste stream falls off the end of the pulley and travels downward by the combined action of gravitational and frictional forces.
3. Magnetic forces produced by the stationary magnets within the pulley hold the ferrous material against the rotating drum and deposit them in the ferromagnetic bin.
4. The diamagnetic (non-magnetic) material falls into a separate bin as they are repelled from the magnetic field[1].

References